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Displaying items 61 to 80 of 83
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Holding Institution: Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára

  1. Nyilas Külügyminisztérium

    • Records of the Arrow-Cross Ministry of Foreign Affairs

    A main but failed ambition of the Arrow Cross government of Hungary that acquired power through a German-backed putsch in mid-October 1944 was to gain diplomatic recognition. Even though the Arrow Cross government pursued a pro-German policy in the war, its ambition to acquire international recognition influenced a number of its policy choices and this included the treatment of Hungary's remaining Jewish population. Hungarian Jews were murdered in thousands in Budapest and tens of thousands of them were forced on deadly marched westwards but they who were no longer systematically deported a...

  2. Külügyminisztérium, Külföldön élő magyar állampolgárok gondozását ellátó osztály

    • Foreign Ministry, Department for Attending Hungarian Citizens Abroad

    A moot question in the study of the Holocaust in Hungary is how the Hungarian state related to its Jewish citizens who resided in other European countries either occupied by or allied to the Nazis during the implementation of the Holocaust starting in 1941-1942 but before the mass deportations from Hungary in 1944. Two central questions concern how far the Hungarian state aimed to protect them and how it related to their property. The records of the Foreign Ministry’s Department for Attending Hungarian Citizens Abroad contain documents regarding the tackling of social and cultural issues of...

  3. Hungarista napló, 1944-1945

    • The Hungarist Journal, 1944-1945

    The collection holds the records of the activities and ideas of Ferenc Szálasi and his Arrow Cross Party from the origins of the movement in the 1930s until October, 1944, when the party assumed power. The material includes the pamphlets, speeches and other writings of Szálasi and other leaders and ideologues of the party, including Gábor Vajna, Emil Kovarcz, Gábor Kemény, Sándor Csia and Jenő Szőllősi, and Vilmos Kőfaragó-Gyelnik, notes on the history of the party, minutes of political meetings, circulars, flyers and other propaganda material, interviews and reports, bibliography and vario...

  4. Kárpátaljai Kormányzói Biztos Hivatalának iratai (1939-1944)

    • Records of the Office of the Regent Commissioner for Carpatho-Ruthenia (1939-1944)

    One of the territories Hungary (re)acquired from Czechoslovakia around the time of the latter's destruction was Carpatho-Ruthenia (known also as Subcarpathian Rus′ or Kárpátalja in Hungarian). The largest part of this territory was not integrated into the Hungarian county system but acquired its own Regent Commissariat. The territory has special significance for the history of the Holocaust in Hungary. In 1941, when Carpatho-Ruthenia became a staging area of the Hungarian army during its attack on the Soviet Union, the region soon became the site of the first mass deportations from Hungary....

  5. Nyilas belügyminisztérium iratai, 1944-1945

    • Records of the Arrow Cross Ministry of Internal Affairs, 1944-1945

    The Arrow Cross Ministry of the Interior was headed by Gábor Vajna (1891-1946) who was a soldier, politician and member of Parliament after 1939. Vajna belonged among the Hungarians who were in close contact with the German occupiers after March 19, 1944, including those who were implementing the Holocaust. As Minister of the Interior in the government of Szálasi, Vajna was responsible for the attempted reorganization of the Hungarian state along dictatorial-totalitarian lines. He agreed to German requests to provide altogether around 75 000 Hungarian Jewish slave laborers for the German wa...

  6. Ankarai követség iratai, 1924-1945

    • Records of the Hungarian Embassy in Ankara, 1924-1945

    Records of the Hungarian Embassy in Ankara, the capital city of neutral Turkey, that are relevant for the study of the history of the Holocaust include citizenship cases of Hungarian Jews, cases of Jews deprived of German citizenship, visa requests to enter as well as to leave Turkey, including the visa of emigrating Jews, records of extradition, records related to Jews expelled from Hungary, to the granting of diplomatic visa (such as that of Oscar Schindler). There are also birth, death, marriage and baptism certificates, documents of employment, of criminality, of settling in Turkey, inh...

  7. Nyilas igazságügy-minisztérium (Szombathely)

    • Records of the Arrow Cross Ministry of Justice (Szombathely)

    Due to the advancement of the Red Army in the battle for Hungary and its approaching of Budapest, the Arrow Cross Ministry of Justice was moved to Szombathely in Western Hungary in the second half of November 1944 and had its seat at the main Courthouse of the town. The Ministry was in operation in Szombathely until the end of March but could rely only on a reduced number of its staff there. The papers of the relocated Hungarian Ministry of Justice from 1944 were presumably destroyed. The remaining papers that are to be found in this collection at the Hungarian National Archive are from the...

  8. Bécsi főkonzulátus iratai

    • Records of the Hungarian Chief Consulate in Vienna

    The records of the Hungarian Chief Consulate in Vienna originate from the years 1938 to 1945 when Austria was incorporated into the German Reich. They provide a sizable documentation of issues relevant for the historical study of the Holocaust.The relevant parts of collection mostly concern citizenship issues, property questions around the time of “Aryanization” after the so called Anschluss in 1938 as well as cases of arrests of Hungarian Jews. Many further files in the collection of the Hungarian Chief Consulate in Vienna record complaints that were received in those years. More general r...

  9. Berlini követség iratai

    • Records of the Hungarian Embassy in Berlin, Nazi Germany

    The evolving relations between Nazi Germany and Hungary were one of the most central factors in the implementation of the Holocaust in Hungary. The records of the Hungarian Embassy in Berlin are of crucial importance since they convey information on the Holocaust and a sense of the differences and negotiation between the two states with the Hungarian Ambassador being an important agent in his own right. The documents are of special significance also since Regent Miklós Horthy appointed former Hungarian Ambassador Döme Sztójay as Prime Minister of Hungary in 1944 once Nazi Germany entered Hu...

  10. Berni követségi iratai

    • Records of the Hungarian Embassy in Bern, Switzerland

    The collection of materials from the Hungarian Embassy in Bern, Switzerland includes miscellaneous documents. It contains information on the Swiss policy towards foreigners and the concrete measures adopted to control them, including the operation of refugee camps. More concretely, there are documents on Hungarian citizens residing in Switzerland and Hungarian Jewish migration to Switzerland as well as on the internment of Hungarian citizens as well as references to their deportation by Nazi Germany. The collection also contains official reports on Swiss internal affairs, foreign policy and...

  11. Brüsszeli főkonzulátus iratai, 1918-1945

    • Records of the Hungarian Consulate General in Brussels, 1918-1945

    The records of the Hungarian Consulate General in Brussels contain documents from the years 1931 to 1946, some of which are of relevance for the history of the Holocaust. The large majority of the relevant files concern citizenship questions of Hungarian Jewish individuals. They include cases of people from territories that Hungary (re)acquired between 1938 and 1941. Some of the files document the screening procedures of Hungarian Jewish individuals who were planning to return to Hungary. There are some requests of passports and visa in the collection. Last but not least, there are document...

  12. Római követség iratai, 1920-1944

    • Records of the Hungarian Embassy in Rome, 1920-1944

    Records of the Hungarian Embassy in Rome, the capital of Fascist Italy, that are relevant for the study of the history of the Holocaust relate to citizenship cases of Hungarian Jews and include birth certificates, documents of origin and baptism, requests of passport, visa, cases of emigration, work permits but also documentation of cases of internment and deportation.

  13. Államvédelmi Központ Elnöki iratok, 1942–1944

    • Centre of State Security Presidential Records, 1942–1944

    The survived records of the Centre of State Security mostly contain investigative files, including the cases of corruption, bribery, embezzlement, fraud, falsification of documents, black marketeering, trafficking and other violations of economic laws. A significant part of the suspects of these cases were Jews trying to circumvent the regulations of the anti-Jewish laws, or to escape internment, ghettoization and deportation in 1944, as well as non-Jews who helped or cooperated with them. The Presidential Records also include letters of denunciation against Communists and Jews, including b...

  14. Nyilaskeresztes Párt, 1932–1945

    • Arrow Cross Party, 1932–1945

    The first part of the collection (Boxes1-3) contains the survived records of the Hungarian National Socialist Party and its successor, the Arrow Cross Party, mostly from the war years. The material includes the documents of party administration (registered as well as unregistered fragments), cashier’s and registry books, regulations, orders, circulars and other internal correspondence, an undated brief history of the party, programs and flyers of the Hungarian National Socialist Party and various extreme right wing splinter groups, speeches, studies and other publications of party leader Fe...

  15. Bakách-Bessenyey György iratai

    • György Bakách-Bessenyey papers

    The most significant part of the collection consists of his extensive semi-official correspondence with prominent personalities, including Prime Minister Miklós Kállay, Otto von Habsburg and John Foster Dulles. The collection also includes the registry of the Hungarian Embassy of Bern. Bakách-Bessenyey took these materials with him in April 1944, so that details of his negotiations would not be acquired by his successor. The collection also contains information on the operation of the Ambassadorial Committee. The Committee had no regular registry and the materials in the files of Bakách-Bes...

  16. Rajniss Ferenc iratai, 1923-1945

    • Ferenc Rajniss papers, 1923-1945

    This collection contains papers and records of Ferenc Rajniss (1893-1946) was an influential Hungarian extreme right-wing politician and journalist, editor of the weekly Új Magyarság and Magyar Futár, and a recognized expert on questions of social policy. Rajniss was elected a member of Parliament in 1935 as part of the governing party then under the leadership of Prime Minister Gyula Gömbös, represented the Nemzeti Front (the National Front), a national socialist formation in 1937, was a member of the Magyar Élet Pártja (the Hungarian Life Party) in 1939 to subsequently join Béla Imrédy's ...

  17. A náci és nyilas rémtettek kivizsgálására alakult bizottság

    • Committee for the Investigation of Nazi and Arrow Cross Atrocities

    The documentation of the Holocaust (avant la lettre) started in Hungary practically as soon as the war had ended and it took various major forms. Holocaust survivors played major roles in several of the attempts at early documentation such as the DEGOB interview project with thousands of camp survivors. The many trials that dealt with crimes committed against Hungarian Jews during the war years and the documentation project pursued by the Committee for the Investigation of Nazi and Arrow Cross Atrocities were among the most important Hungarian state-based forms of Holocaust documentation. W...

  18. Álorvosi iratok, 1964-1975

    • Cases of the Victims of Nazi Pseudo-Scientific Experiments, 1964-1975

    Nazi Germans conducted a series of medical experiments on large numbers of prisoners, mainly Jews from across Europe, but also on Romani people, ethnic Poles, Soviet prisoners of war and disabled non-Jewish Germans. These human experiments took place in concentration camps mainly in the early 1940s. Prisoners were coerced into these experiments that would often result in their death, or disfigurement or permanent disability of their bodies. Many deported Hungarian Jews fell victims to these infamous Nazi human experiments that were conducted, most notoriously, in the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp...

  19. Magyarországi kárpótlási iratok, 1946-1998

    • Records of Compensation in Hungary, 1946-1998

    The records on compensation programs that were implemented to help Hungarian survivors of the Holocaust are from the years 1946 to 1998 with the bulk of the materials concerning 1957 to 1975, the main period of compensation programs run by West Germany when agencies and individuals in communist Hungary would already be among their recipients. The various documents in the collection include notes and minutes, circulars and internal exchanges of relevant official Hungarian bodies. There are also the documents that supported Hungarian and Hungarian Jewish claims, including individual claim she...

  20. Elhagyott Javak Kormánybiztosságának iratai

    • Records of the Government Commissariat for Abandoned Possessions

    The Government Commissariat for Abandoned Possessions was established by decree on March 11, 1945. Its aims were to aid those who were personally impacted by the destruction wrought by the war and the German occupation and lost their homes, wealth and basis of existence as well as to aid those who were deported and help their return. The Commissariat was also responsible for the supervision and maintainance of abandoned houses, landholdings, firms, flats and furniture. The possessions that were left behind without legal inheritors were used to compensate those who were deported. The Commiss...