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Displaying items 201 to 220 of 58,915
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  1. Kalman A. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Kalman A., who was born in Kaunas, Lithuania in 1928, an only child. He recounts attending a Yavneh school; antisemitic harassment; Soviet invasion; attending a Soviet school; German invasion; Lithuanians openly stealing their possessions; his father's round-up (they never saw him again); ghettoization; slave labor at the airport; smuggling food into the ghetto; a selection prior to a mass shooting at the 9th Fort; hiding during the children's selection; a public hanging; transfer to Aleksotas with his mother, aunt, and her children; deportation to Stutthof; separatio...

  2. Lilly L. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Lilly L., a Romani, who was raised in Berlin in a family of fifteen children. She recalls her father working in the post office and her mother in a store; her father's German military service; one brother working as a policeman; Nazi anti-Romani restrictions, including her expulsion from school; her sister's deportation to Ravensbru?ck; deportation with her remaining family to Auschwitz in 1943 following an examination by "race scientists"; her father's murder during the transport; selection of her mother and eight siblings for death upon arrival; selections in the Zi...

  3. Ilse D. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Ilse D., who was born in Christiansfelde, Germany in 1928. She recalls going to Stettin in 1937 with her siblings, since there was no Jewish school in Christiansfelde; her older sisters' emigration to Palestine in 1937 and 1939; deportation in 1940 to Be?z?yce via Lublin; separation from her brother (she never saw him again); starvation, forced labor, and overcrowding in the ghetto; mass killings; making bricks, then working as a maid for Commander Reinhold Feiks in Budz?yn; transfer to Majdanek; assistance from Jewish prisoners during a death march; transfer to Kras?...

  4. Esther W. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Esther W., who was born in ?o?dz?, Poland in 1929. She recalls her comfortable childhood; her brother's emigration to Palestine in 1936; German invasion; anti-Jewish restrictions; moving with her family to Warsaw and Falenica in 1940; ghettoization in Warsaw; fleeing to Stopnica; joining her aunt in Staszo?w in 1942; her father's deportation; deportation with her aunt to Skarz?ysko (she never saw her mother and sister again); forced labor in a munitions factory; public hangings; her father visiting, sharing his bread, and arranging her transfer to his camp; his deport...

  5. Itta W. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Itta W., who was born in Częstochowa, Poland in 1927. She recounts her family's emigration to Brussels in 1928; her brother's birth when she was five; a happy childhood; attending a music academy; cordial relations with non-Jews; German invasion; briefly fleeing to Tournai; anti-Jewish restrictions; a non-Jewish friend offering to marry her to save her from deportation; their sham marriage; hiding briefly in the Ardennes, then with her brother in her "husband's" apartment (her parents hid elsewhere); visiting her parents once; arrest; transfer to Malines in June 1943...

  6. Ben L. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Ben L., who was born in Vilna, Poland (presently Vilnius, Lithuania) in 1928, the youngest of three children. He recounts attending a Hebrew-speaking school and a Tarbut school; the arrival of many Polish refugees after the onset of war; delivering food to some of the refugees, including Menachem Begin; Soviet occupation; his brother's participation in the Irgun; his father's non-Jewish associate encouraging them to flee; hiding in the associate's cellar outside Vilna for a few weeks; returning home; fleeing with his family to his paternal grandparents' home in Belaru...

  7. Esther R. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Esther R., who was born in Kos?ice, Czechoslovakia in 1932. She recounts Hungarian occupation in 1938, resulting in her father losing his business; their move to Sa?toraljau?jhely; her father hiding in 1942 to avoid forced labor; visiting him in Budapest in 1943; German invasion in March 1944; being smuggled to Budapest to join her father; her parents dispersing the four children and themselves to various hiding places with the help of non-Jews; her mother, then her father, joining her toward the end of the war; and liberation by Soviet troops. Mrs. R. recalls reunion...

  8. Zvi Z. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Zvi Z., the youngest of ten children, who was raised in Kozin, Poland (presently Ukraine). He recalls moving to Dubno; marriage; Soviet occupation in 1939; a son's birth in 1930 and a daughter's in 1940; working for the Soviets in Shegyni, Dubno, and Nemilov; German invasion in 1941; capture by Germans; falling into the pit during a mass shooting of Jews; climbing out at night through heaps of bodies and the wounded; returning to his home in Dubno; ghettoization; hiding during round-ups for mass killings; his son's murder; working in Kovel? processing Soviets being se...

  9. Leon W. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Leon W., who was born in Zwola, Poland in 1919. He recounts his father's bakery business; attending yeshiva until age thirteen; destruction of the town in the German invasion; living briefly with relatives in Radom; returning home; Germans killing Jews; escaping to a forest with his younger brother; working for a Polish engineer; returning home; deportation with his brother to Skarżysko-Kamienna in fall 1942; encountering his sister once and giving her bread; being sent to Majdanek to bring back clothing for the prisoners; deciding against escaping, fearing his broth...

  10. Esther P. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Esther P., who was born in approximately 1925, one of ten children. She recounts living in Kolochava, Czechoslovakia (presently Ukraine); attending boarding school in Khust; her father's death in 1938; Hungarian occupation; anti-Jewish restrictions; forced relocation with her mother and four sisters to Sokirnitsa; their deportation to Auschwitz a month later; separation from her mother; efforts to stay together with her sisters; transfer after three months to Stutthof, then Bromberg; slave labor digging ditches; sharing food with her sisters; brutal treatment by guard...

  11. Marcelle B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Marcelle B., who was born in Paris, France, in 1931. Mrs. B. recalls her close, extended family's Polish roots; long illnesses that separated her from her twin sisters; staying at a sanatorium in Hendaye after corrective surgery in summer 1939; returning with her father to Paris; German occupation; imposition of anti-Semitic measures; deportations; riding the Paris Metro in defiance of regulations; and her father's decision to go into hiding before a July 1942 round-up. She tells of being taken with her mother to the Ve?lodrome d'Hiver; appalling conditions; separatio...

  12. John M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of John M., who was born in approximately 1932. He recalls his family's sense of being Austrian, not Jewish (he was baptized); knowing they were Jewish due to antisemitism; leaving Vienna six weeks after the Anschluss; being placed with his brother in hiding in a convent in Belgrade; living in Nice for several months; departing for England; attending many schools, sometimes with his brother, sometimes alone; seeing his mother infrequently (she provided important emotional support); harassment as Germans; changing their last name to their mother's maiden name (their fathe...

  13. Jacob J. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Jacob J., who was born in Derecske, Hungary in 1933 to a prominent rabbinic family. He recounts his father's rabbinic position in Szeged; antisemitic harassment; harboring Jewish refugees fleeing to Yugoslavia; German invasion in March 1944; ghettoization; the birth of a child in the synagogue; smuggling diapers for the baby; deportation with his family; removal from the transport in Budapest; placement with a group (the Kasztner transport) which included his father's sister; transport to Celle, stopping in Linz for disinfection; walking to Bergen-Belsen; meager ratio...

  14. Abraham F. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Abraham F., who was born in Łomża, Poland in 1919. He recalls his Hasidic family; attending law school in Warsaw; being drafted into the Polish military in 1939; antisemitic incidents; German invasion; imprisonment in a POW camp; returning to Soviet-occupied Łomża; fleeing to L'viv with a Zionist group; their unsuccessful escape attempt; organizing a kibbutz in Vilna in 1940; bringing his brother there; working in a Jewish theater in Kovno; German invasion; an unsuccessful escape attempt; ghettoization; his underground activities; volunteering for a labor camp to jo...

  15. Rene B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Rene B., a Catholic, who was born in Namur, Belgium in 1905, the elder of two sons. He recounts his father being killed as a soldier in the First World War; living with his grandparents in Limal; graduating from military school in Namur in 1924 as a cavalry lieutenant; marriage in 1931; his daughter's birth; serving in Limbourg; German invasion; retreat, then capture by German forces; release; returning home; recruitment by the Belgian secret army; moving to Brussels; working for the Red Cross; recruiting demobilized Belgian soldiers for the secret army; arrest in Mar...

  16. Bella S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Bella S., who was born in Gross-Zimmern, near Darmstadt, in 1904. She recounts her upbringing in a religious, patriotic family (her youngest brother was killed in World War I); limited antisemitism ("it was a normal part of life"); the shock of her father's accidental death in 1917; and her marriage and move to Frankfurt in 1926. Mrs. S. describes deciding to place their daughter with non-Jews in Brussels; their failed attempts to leave for the United States in 1937-1938; her husband's emigration to the United States; her difficult life alone in Frankfurt; deportation...

  17. Helena V. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Helena V., who was born in Budapest, Hungary in 1924. She recalls her four siblings; deportation of foreign Jews beginning in 1940; marriage in 1941 (her mother thought she would be safer); her husband's draft into a Hungarian slave labor battalion; her son's birth; living with her parents-in-law; losing contact with her parents and siblings; being forced to move to a Jewish designated house; being hidden by a non-Jewish woman; her father-in-law obtaining Vatican and Swedish papers; living in a safe house; remaining indoors for three months; lack of food and water; li...

  18. Irving D. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Irving D., who was born in Beremyany, Ukraine in 1919. He recalls his family moving to Tluste (presently Tovste) in 1933 due to an antisemitic incident; joining his father's successful business; Soviet occupation in 1939; his draft into the Soviet army; posting to Afghanistan; hospitalization in Tashkent; returning to Tluste on June 19, 1941; German invasion on June 22, 1941; rejoining his unit in Ptoskurov(now Khmel?nyt?s??kyi?); traveling from Kiev to Ashkhabad in September; training in Petropavlovsk until 1944; transfer with his unit to Cheli?a?binsk, then Chebarku...

  19. Jean-Michel D. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Jean-Michel D., who was born in Oran, Algeria and raised in Belgium. He recalls his parents' divorce (his mother was Catholic); a close relationship with his grandfather; working in Liège; marriage; imprisonment for resistance; escaping; he and his wife being sent for forced labor in Nuremberg; her release after two weeks (she was ill); going on leave (he never returned); his wife's death in 1942; living underground in Paris; arrest while trying to escape to England; imprisonment in St. Gilles; suffering greatly in solitary confinement; clandestinely sending a messa...

  20. Hilda G. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Hilda G., who was born in 1925 in Berlin, Germany. She recalls moving to Amsterdam in 1928; German invasion in 1940; anti-Jewish restrictions; her brother hiding in Belgium; nurse's training in a children's center; helping the underground hide Jewish children; hiding to escape deportation; receiving a postcard her mother had thrown from a transport (she never saw her parents again); escaping with her brother via Maastricht to Brussels; posing as a non-Jewish nurse in the Ardennes, Gembloux, and Couvin; working for the resistance; her brother's arrest in 1944; moving w...