Theophil Wurm papers

Identifier
irn522413
Language of Description
English
Alt. Identifiers
  • 2004.120
  • RG-14.069M
Dates
1 Jan 1883 - 31 Dec 1966, 1 Jan 1933 - 31 Dec 1946
Level of Description
Item
Languages
  • German
Source
EHRI Partner

Extent and Medium

69 microfilm reels, 35 mm

Creator(s)

Biographical History

Theophil Heinrich Wurm (7 December 1868, Basel – 28 January 1953, Stuttgart) was the son of a pastor and was a leader in the German Protestant Church in the early twentieth century. Wurm was active in politics. He was a member of the Christian Social Party before World War I, and thereafter of the Citizens’ Party. He held a seat in the Württemberg State Parliament (German: Landtag) until 1920. As a young man Wurm was a prison chaplain, and became a parish pastor when he was 45. He progressed in the hierarchy of the Lutheran Evangelical State Church in Württemberg and became church president in 1929, with this office being retitled into Landesbischof (bishop of the regional Protestant church) in 1933. Like many churchmen, he initially favored the Nazi regime, but its church policy soon moved him into opposition. In September 1934 Wurm was deposed from his bishopric by Reich's bishop Ludwig Müller because of his views on church policy (including the Barmen Declaration), and was placed under house arrest. These extreme measures were eventually rescinded by Hitler in the wake of protests and the stripping of power from Müller. Wurm then held the office of bishop until 1948. Wurm withdrew from the German Christians and aligned himself with the Confessing Church, attending its synods, but he did not advocate the more extreme policies of the church's more militant wing. Nevertheless, he was not politically apathetic and made numerous complaints to the Nazi party and the Nazi state. After the start of the war, he protested the murders of psychiatric patients under the Nazi euthanasia program. Wurm and the Catholic Bishop of Münster, Clemens August Graf von Galen, were able to lead widespread public opposition to the murder of invalids. This earned him a 1944 ban against public speaking and writing. He associated with the resistance movements that centered on Carl Goerdeler and Ludwig Beck. He was admired by his fellow churchmen and in 1945 (in connection with the Allies' de-nazification efforts) he was elected chairman of the Council of the newly created Protestant umbrella Evangelical Church in Germany. He was a signatory of the October 1945 Stuttgart Declaration of Guilt. (Wikipedia)

Archival History

Landeskirchliches Archiv Baden-Württemberg

Acquisition

Forms part of the Claims Conference International Holocaust Documentation Archive at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. This archive consists of documentation whose reproduction and/or acquisition was made possible with funding from the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany.

Source of acquisition is the Landeskirchliches Archiv Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart, Germany.

Scope and Content

The collection consists of the personal records of the Nachlass Landesbischof Theophil Wurm (Bishop Theophil Wurm). The collection is divided into four parts. The first part of the collection contains a variety of speeches, sermons, and correspondence which span the entirety of Bishop Wurm’s professional life. Most bear no immediate relevance to the war but were included as they provide historical context and background information. The second part largely consists of church administrative documents created during the interbellum. The third part of the collection contains records created during the Nazi period, detailing the Evangelical Church’s response to Nazism. The forth part contains records pertaining to the Evangelical Church’s post war concerns, including their reaction to the Nuremberg Trials. A digital copy of the collection, including an addendum is available at https://suche.archiv.elk-wue.de/actaproweb/archive.xhtml?id=Vz++++++78251d36-45c6-45fa-b430-8d0da749e461&parent_id=# (consulted 9/18/2023).

System of Arrangement

The collection is arranged in 4 series and 16 subseries: Series 1. Predigten, Ansprachen, Manuskripte Series 2. Bis zum Beginn des Dritten Reiches (1933) Series 3. Die Zeit des Kirchenkampfes und des Zweiten Weltkrieges (1933-1945) Subseries 1. Württemberg Subseries 2. Reichskirche Subseries 3. Deutsche Landeskirchen Subseries 4. Kirchliches Einigungswerk Subseries 5. Lutherischer Rat Subseries 6. Zweiter Weltkrieg Subseries 7. Ökumene Series 4. Nachkriegszeit Subseries 1. Württemberg Subseries 2. Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland Subseries 3. Ökumene Subseries 4. Deutsche Landeskirchen Subseries 5. Katholische Kirche Subseries 6. Allgemeine Korrespondenz Subseries 7. Alliierte Militärregierungen Subseries 8. Entnazifizierung, politische Gefangene, Kriegsgefangene Subseries 9. Kriegsverbrechen

Conditions Governing Reproduction

Copyright Holder: Landeskirchliches Archiv Baden-Württemberg

People

Corporate Bodies

Subjects

Genre

This description is derived directly from structured data provided to EHRI by a partner institution. This collection holding institution considers this description as an accurate reflection of the archival holdings to which it refers at the moment of data transfer.