From the Alfred – Alf Schwarzbaum collection: Letters from Israel Schwarzbaum in Straubing, Germany, Autumn 1946

From the Alfred – Alf Schwarzbaum collection: Letters sent by Israel Schwarzbaum, Alfred's cousin, from Staubing, Germany, to Alfred in Mandate Palestine on 24 September and 3 November 1946. Israel (b. 1906 in Szczekociny, Poland) writes about the difficulties of coping with the death of his entire family and expresses hope of immigrating to Palestine. He therefore aks for Alfred's help in obtaining immigration certificates for him and his wife Estera (b. 1920 in Zawiercie). He adds that he has a profession and can support himself. 3 pages, typewritten and handwritten original, in German Note: the letter dated 3 November was transferred to this file from file 26547 in the Holdings Registry. About Alfred Schwarzbaum: Alfred (Alf) Schwarzbaum was a Jewish merchant from Bedzin, Poland, who fled to Switzerland after the occupation. In Switzerland, he set up a relief enterprise, and supported hundreds of Jews. Alfred (Alf) Schwarzbaum was born in 1896 in Sosnowiec, Poland. He later moved to Bedzin, became a businessman and started a family. In late September 1939, following the German occupation of Poland, he sent his daughter to England. In November 1939, he was jailed for several weeks in Myslowice and was interrogated by the Gestapo. After his release, he turned down an offer from Mosheh Merin, head of the Sosnowiec Jewish council, to be his deputy. Using his connections and his fortune, he was able to obtain visas for Switzerland. In April 1940, he left Poland and settled in Lausanne. Schwarzbaum soon started sending out food, clothing, money and papers to Poland. He managed to navigate between the often uncoordinated Jewish and Zionist organizations based in Switzerland, to transfer financial help to Jews in Poland. He sent hundreds of parcels to German occupied localities, via Lisbon, Sweden and Turkey. He visited refugee camps in Switzerland, and corresponded with persons living under the Nazi rule. He also produced passports, which led him into trouble with the Swiss police, who feared for violation of the country's neutrality policy. In 1945, he immigrated to Mandate Palestine. In Israel, he supported funds and provided stipends for students in need, in several Israeli institutes for higher education. He died in 1990.