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Displaying items 48,481 to 48,500 of 58,923
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  1. Elly M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Elly M., who was born in the Hague, Netherlands in 1931. She recalls a happy childhood; no differences between Jews and non-Jews; German bombing of Rotterdam; anti-Jewish measures; her father's volunteering to go to Westerbork believing it would save his family (he never returned); and the underground separately hiding her and her sister. Mrs. M. remembers many transfers; settling with a family in Middelburg; a year and a half as a loved family member; one incident of separation due to danger of exposure; the November 1944 Allied liberation; attending school; liberati...

  2. Henri S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Henri S., who was born in Aurich, Germany, the younger of two children. He recalls his family's orthodoxy; moving to Norden around 1935; attending a Jewish school; anti-Jewish restrictions; his father's deportation to Buchenwald and his grandfather's arrest on Kristallnacht; their release; smuggling themselves to Brussels via Aachen; German invasion in 1940; hiding with non-Jews during round-ups; his parents contacting the underground to hide him and his sister; placement with a farmer in Grendel; hearing from his sister through a priest (he did not know where she was...

  3. Louis C. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Louis C., who was born in Berlin in 1925. He recounts his father's service in World War I; living in Nice while his father was a German government attorney; returning to Berlin in 1931; loss of family servants due to the Nuremberg laws; sham improvements during the 1936 Olympics; his bar mitzvah in 1938; Kristallnacht; non-Jewish neighbors hiding his father; expulsion from school; attending an ad hoc Jewish school; his parents putting him, his sister, and cousin on a train; arrival in Oldenzaal; living in a refugee camp, an orphanage, then another camp; joining his pa...

  4. Dora and Salo R. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Dora R., who was born in a suburb of Czernowitz, Romania, in 1926, and her husband Salo R., who was born in Czernowitz in 1919. Mr. and Mrs. R. did not meet until after the war. They both describe the rich cultural life of prewar Czernowitz; the large (60,000) Jewish population; the German and Russian occupations and the German re-occupation; the implementation of anti-Semitic action; and the mass murder at the Kulturpalast. Mr. R. recalls hiding in a gentile household at the onset of the German occupation; the ghettoization of Czernowitz; conditions in the ghetto; hi...

  5. Jean L. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Jean L., who was born in Poland in 1924. He recalls his family's emigration to Paris in 1936 due to antisemitism; their strong socialist commitment; German invasion; joining the Resistance; brief incarceration in Drancy; participating in armed resistance; living under false papers; arrest on April 22, 1943; incarceration in Fresnes; transfer to Struthof on July 10, 1943; deportation to Birkenau in January 1944; a privileged assignment to Canada Kommando with help from a former friend; surviving a selection because of his status as a political prisoner; organized resis...

  6. Claire G. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Claire G., who was born in Düsseldorf, Germany in 1923, the oldest of four daughters. She recalls a wonderful childhood in an affluent home; her family's orthodoxy; her paternal uncle and his children emigrating to Palestine in 1933; excitement, as a child, at seeing Hitler parade in her town; the sudden loss of non-Jewish friends due to the rise of Nazism; having to transfer to Jewish school; correspondence with a cousin in the United States to improve her English; writing of her desire to emigrate; her uncle obtaining papers for her; traveling with her mother to St...

  7. Annie C. Holocaust testimony with Jackie B.

    Videotape testimony of Annie C., who was born in England. She married a Frenchman in 1915 and moved to France with her husband and two-year-old child after World War I. She describes her pleasant prewar life in France, her daughter's flight from France before the German occupation, and the German occupation. She speaks of her unsuccessful attempts to leave France after the German occupation; her and her husband's flight; hiding with the help of her husband's non-Jewish relatives and French civilians; and using false papers. She stresses the continual fear of discovery and betrayal. She tell...

  8. Elefterios S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Elefterios S., a Greek Orthodox shepherd, who was born in Koumaria?, Greece in 1914. He recalls invasion by the German and Bulgarian armies in 1941; hiding their own weapons in February 1942 rather than following orders to surrender them to the Germans; the murder of four men from his village by the occupying troops; escaping to the hills during German attempts to confiscate food and livestock; and organizing 150 men into a resistance group. Mr. S. recounts hearing of anti-Jewish measures in Trikala, the closest town where Jews lived; organizing and leading the escape...

  9. Dov N. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Dov N., who was born in Nové Zámky, Czechoslovakia (presently Slovkia) in 1930, the fifth of six children. He recalls his family's orthodoxy; cordial relations with non-Jews; attending a Jewish school; Hungarian occupation in 1938; increasing antisemitism; his bar mitzvah; German occupation in March 1944; draft of his father and brother into a Hungarian slave labor battalion (they did not survive); ghettoization; deportation with his family to Auschwitz/Birkenau in June; a prisoner advising him upon arrival to say he was eighteen; separation from his mother, brother...

  10. Ben-Zion B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Ben-Zion B., who was born in Domache?vo, Poland (presently Belarus) in 1924, the younger of two children. He recounts his father's death when he less than three; a close extended family; relatives emigrating to the United States; his mother's remarriage; the births of a brother and sister; attending cheder and Polish public school; antisemitic teachers; visits from his American uncle; his sister's marriage; brief German invasion; Soviet occupation; visiting his sister in Kosiv; German invasion in June 1941; witnessing a mass killing; forced labor; smuggling food to hi...

  11. Zenia M. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Zenia M., who was born in Vilna, Poland in 1921. She recalls her family's affluence; a rich cultural life; Soviet occupation; hiding to avoid deportation to Siberia; German occupation; round-ups; ghettoization; organized cultural activities; working outside the ghetto; a beating for smuggling food; obtaining munitions for the ghetto resistance (FPO); hiding Yiz?h?ak Wittenberg, a FPO leader; hiding with her parents during the ghetto's liquidation; their capture; deportation with her mother to Kaiserwald via Auschwitz; transfer to a labor camp; requesting transfer back...

  12. Johann F. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Johann F., who was born in Budapest, Hungary in 1937. He recounts his parents' divorce in 1939; living with his mother, a violinist; frequent visits from his father; a normal life, despite anti-Jewish restrictions; spending summers and Jewish holidays with his maternal grandparents and great-grandparents in Karcag; his uncle's draft into a Hungarian slave labor battalion in 1942 (they never saw him again); German invasion in March 1944; moving with his mother to his grandparents' home; their eviction; all of them living with his great-grandparents; ghettoization; non-...

  13. Marvin N. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Marvin N., who was born in Yasinya, Czechoslovakia (presently Ukraine) in 1929, one of eight children. He recounts his family's orthodoxy; Hungarian occupation; forced labor with his brother for the German military; escaping from a round-up; witnessing a mass killing; returning home; deportation with his family in 1943 to Hungary, then Kos?ice, then Auschwitz/Birkenau; selection for work with his older brother and father (his remaining family were murdered); a fellow inmate, too sick to eat, sharing his food; transfer with his brother to Mauthausen eight days later, t...

  14. Walter S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Werner S., who was born in Gelsenkirchen, Germany in approximately 1918. He recalls his family's affluence; his father's service in World War I; close relations with non-Jews; expulsion from gymnasium after Hitler's ascent; working in the building trades; his sister's emigration to Kenya; his father's strong German identity; assistance from non-Jews, including a nun; gradual anti-Jewish restrictions; Kristallnacht (he and his father were among the few males not arrested); deportation with his parents to the Ri?ga ghetto in January 1942; a privileged position as a bric...

  15. Edward L. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Edward L., who enlisted in the United States Army after Pearl Harbor. He recalls serving in a medical unit attached to armored infantry; entering Ohrdruf in April 1945; piles of corpses, shot in the head and still warm; entering a barrack; observing extreme emaciation; speaking with a Greek prisoner who described what had happened and expressed hatred for the Germans; and leaving after a few hours. Mr. L. notes no prior knowledge or preparation for encountering a concentration camp; being dumbfounded in spite of having previously seen many gruesome war wounds; and not...

  16. Jack S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Jack S., who was born in Jano?w, Poland in 1923. He recalls his mother's death in 1935; moving to Be?dzin in 1938; German invasion; anti-Jewish restrictions; the role of the Judenrat and Moshe Merin; learning about the extermination camps; avoiding deportations with assistance from non-Jews; moving into the ghetto with his family; public execution of Jewish police; his brother's deportation to Auschwitz for underground activities in April 1943; his father's deportation to Auschwitz; acquiring false papers through an underground Zionist movement; deportation of the Jud...

  17. Tom S. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Tom S., who was born in Budapest, Hungary in 1935. He recounts his parents' conversion to Christianity; his brother's birth on March 2, 1944; German occupation on March 19; anti-Jewish laws; visiting his father, who was a doctor, in the assembly place for Jews; his father's deportation; living with his mother, brother, and grandmother in the ghetto from October 1944 until liberation by Soviet troops in February 1945; learning of his father's death in Mauthausen; psychological and physical effects of his war experiences; joining his uncle in Switzerland in June 1947 (h...

  18. Dorothy B. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Dorothy B., who was born in Hamburg, Germany in 1931. She recounts the history of her mother's and father's families; her father's modern orthodoxy; their affluent lifestyle; visiting her maternal relatives in Prague and a small Czech town; contrasting her formal German relatives with her casual Czech relatives; her family insulating her from antisemitism; a Nazi edict resulting in termination of employment of their non-Jewish maid; her father concealing his Jewish identity in public to avoid antisemitic violence; her mother's insistence that they leave Germany; liqui...

  19. Alex P. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Alex P., who was born in Szerencs, Hungary, one of eight children. He speaks of his happy life before the war, when he ran his father's bakery. He recalls the rise of Nazism in Szerencs in the late 1930s and tells how, in 1938/1939, he was drafted into the Jewish slave labor brigade of the Hungarian army and separated from his pregnant wife, whom he never saw again. He talks of working in Galicia, Munkacs, and elsewhere in Poland; of his stay in a quarantine camp in Transnistria; and of accompanying his brigade to Budapest, where he was liberated in January, 1945. Mr....

  20. Kenneth F. Holocaust testimony

    Videotape testimony of Kenneth F., who was born in Richtenberg, Germany in 1921. He recounts attending the local public school and religious school in Stralsund; non-Jewish friends not longer associating with him after they joined the Hitler Youth; the impact of the Nuremberg laws, including not being allowed to employ non-Jews; living with his aunt in Berlin in fall 1935 to attend a Jewish school; his bar mitzvah; matriculation in 1938; masonry training in preparation for emigration; receiving permission to emigrate to Manchester, England as a trainee in 1939; working as a brick-layer trai...